Wood products are widely used in construction for interior decoration, building facades. Popular types of wood cladding are lining and planking.
Unlike wall paneling, mounted panels do not touch. They have no spikes and grooves on the lateral surfaces. Boards of this type are placed on the walls with gaps. Thanks to this installation method, the panels are constantly ventilated and do not condense moisture.
Application
The ease of installation of wood panels allows them to be mounted on horizontal and vertical planes. The material is used for cladding facades, pediments, fences, arbors and decoration of internal surfaces (ceilings, walls and floors) of a house. The floor of this material on the covered terraces looks spectacular. Due to their moisture-resistant qualities and method of fastening, the boards are suitable for decorating the interior of a bathhouse, kitchen, bathroom, attic.
The benefits of lumber
- high resistance to weathering (temperature difference, high humidity, wind loads and solar activity);
- wood processing technology contributes to a significant increase in the life of the material;
- a wide range of slats of various sizes, colors and textures makes it possible to create beautiful facades of houses;
- any person with minimal experience will cope with the installation of the cladding;
- ventilated coatings eliminate fatal processes inside building structures (rotting, moisture accumulation, overheating);
- the structure of the lumber allows you to establish independent manufacture of panels in a home workshop;
- in case of repair of the cladding, it is not necessary to dismantle the entire array of finishes; it is enough to change the damaged panel to a new board;
- Planken facade with additional thermal insulation of the house.
Wood products
For the manufacture of planken, as well as any building material from wood, certain breeds are selected:
Larch
The tree is resistant to adverse weather conditions. Larch does not rot, is not afraid of parasites. For lining the facades of houses, only larch panels are used.
Of all wood species in Russia, larch is the best lumber for the manufacture of cladding, including in terms of price and quality.
Pine
The soft pine structure is resistant to decay and is easy to process. Pine plank panels are not inferior to larch products.
Pine is a good material for making planken. For outdoor use, only heat-treated panels are used. By heating pine boards, they achieve hardening of the resin in the upper layer of wood. Boards processed in a steaming chamber will not emit tar under the influence of high temperature and direct sunlight.
Cladding walls with pine lumber is done in the interior of a house or apartment. Minor ethereal fumes will fill the interior with coniferous aroma.
Oak
Oak paneling is solid and beautiful, but is expensive. Those who can access the oak planken finish are guaranteed to maintain a representative and durable building facade for many decades.
KDP
Artificial facing panels are a glued and pressed wood-polymer composite. The material consists of wood chips mixed with synthetic glue in a ratio of 2/3: 1/3.
WPC panels imitate the texture of valuable wood species, are easily amenable to any type of processing and are much cheaper than natural wood products.
Lightweight panels are easy to mount. No need to fear fungal and putrefactive formations. The lining withstands any adverse atmospheric influences and does not deform under direct sunlight. In the distribution network, wood-composite panels are sold at a price of 1 m2.
On the construction market you can find offers of planken from other rare species of wood. For the mass consumer, prices for lumber are becoming an insurmountable barrier to the acquisition of such cladding.
Dimensions of cladding panels
Finishing board in the factory is made with a width of 70 mm to 145 mm. This is due to the setting of woodworking equipment for the mass production of lumber, ease of installation of boards of such a width.
The length from 2.5 m to 6 m allows you to accurately calculate the layout of the planken, which facilitates the decoration of building facades.
The size of the panel thickness varies between 15–20 mm. Making the lining thicker or thinner is impractical. A thin board will lose its strength. Thick cladding practically does not increase the heat-insulating qualities of the fence, but only makes the whole construction of the finish heavier.
Planken shape
Varieties of panels are determined by the shape of the side faces. Plancken is released in three types:
- beveled;
- straight;
- straight with grooves.
Planken Categories
The price and quality of planken depends on its category:
- Extra - high quality products, without any flaws.
- Prima - products with minor defects: the texture of the tree is broken, there are small eye knots.
- Categories A and B - the surface of the panels with an unlimited number of knots and eyes.
Mounting Methods
Cladding panels are mounted on the walls in two ways:
Open
This is the easiest way to install planken. The photo shows how the panels are fixed with screws on the facade of the building.
Rectangular boards are used for cladding. The horizontal gap between the finishing strips is 3-5 mm in size. To prevent openings, the vertical fences should be darker than the facing lamellas.
An open mount allows you to replace a damaged panel without disturbing the entire lining. If the caps of the screws are closed with plastic caps to the color of the finish, the installation points of the screws will not stand out against the general background of the facade.
Closed
Hidden fasteners are used for mounting planken with beveled edges. For direct panels, special fasteners are used that practically leave no gap between the boards.
Types of fasteners
Several types of fasteners have been developed for installing facades of facades and wooden wall cladding inside the house with plank panels:
- the snake;
- planfix;
- bridge and crab.
Types of installation of cladding
Snake
Type of fasteners has a second name - “duet”. With the help of parts, they wall the panels with beveled edges. Perforated metal strips are placed on the back side of the planken so that the boards of the combined panels are adjacent to each other relative to the vertical axis of the marking.
From the back of the cladding, the vertical row of fasteners looks like a snake. The height of the plates must exceed the width of the boards by at least 30 mm. With panel widths up to 110 mm, fasteners with a length of 145 mm are used, and strips with a height of 190 mm are used over 110 mm. All parts are made of standard width - 15 mm.
Step-by-step installation instructions for beveled planken
- Vertical racks from a bar with a section of 40x40 mm or 50x50 mm are attached to the wall. They fix the crate with metal corners to the wall with dowels, to the timber with screws.
- At the corners of the building, a bar of adjacent walls adjoins each other. Racks are installed in increments of 1.5–3 m. At the joints of the ends of the panels, two racks are placed at a distance of 20–30 cm.
- At the bottom of the perimeter of the house, a horizontal belt of timber is fixed. Marking for installation of structures is carried out using a laser level.
- On the back side of the cladding boards with a screwdriver, the snake strips are screwed in accordance with the marking of the vertical racks of the crate.
- Installation begins with the second row of panels. The planken is mounted so that it rests tightly on the belt made of timber, leading the lower end of the plank beyond the back of the horizontal belt. The upper protrusion of the plate through the hole is fixed with a screw to the rack of the crate.
- In the same way, the subsequent rows of cladding are mounted to the very top of the facade. The butt joints of the trim in accordance with the uprights should be located at a distance of 0.5 m.
- The angular ends of the panels are cut at an angle of 45 °. The ends before installing the panels are treated with special impregnation.
- Dismantle the horizontal belt from the timber by unscrewing the screws.
- Set the bottom row of cladding. The underside of the boards is attached to the uprights with corners-planfixes.
Planfix
A metal corner with two holes for nails (self-tapping screws) and a spike serves as a fastener for a straight planken.
Installation of direct planken by plankfix
- Install vertical racks of timber 50x50 mm.
- Make markings on the racks with a laser level.
- On the sides of the uprights, the corners of the planfix are nailed or screwed so that the spike of the second fastener shelf is facing up.
- Each row of boards is attached to the horizontal side of the corner through the hole with a self-tapping screw.
- The following panels are stuffed with a rubber mallet onto the planfix spikes.
- Then a screwdriver is screwed through the holes in the corners with screws.
Mount the planken on the floor and ceiling in the same way.. The fixture allows using a beam with a section of 20x20 mm as a lathing. The gap between the panels is 2-3 mm, which is enough for ventilation of the interior space of the finish.
Bridge and crab
The clamps are made of galvanized iron. The fixture is intended for facing of facades and surfaces of internal protections of the house or apartment. Mounting parts serve as fasteners for planken with longitudinal side grooves.
Bridge
The bridge is characterized by the presence of 2 arcuate supports and a supporting platform, which goes into the grooves of adjacent panels. Through a hole in its center, a self-tapping screw is screwed into the vertical rack of the crate. The platform with its edges goes into the depth of the groove by 7 mm, leaving the mounting hole free.
Crab
The latch with this name has two pads with mounting holes. Between them are two L-shaped lapels. The platforms are attached to the rack, and the lapels are led into the grooves of the panels.
Removing planken
When it becomes necessary to replace the wooden plank cladding, the panels are dismantled using a screwdriver.
The first to dismantle the row of panels that was installed last. Unscrew the screws from the mounting holes of the cladding fasteners. Removed fasteners and hardware are placed in a suitable container. Separately - planken, in a dry ventilated area.
Dismantled cladding can be used to finish building structures elsewhere.
Brushed planken
Wall decoration with brushed planken is used only indoors. Panel surfaces can be made with your own hands.
To do this, you will need:
- blowtorch or gas burner;
- a manual metal brush or an angle grinder with a brush disc;
- emery;
- furniture lacquer or oil tint.
The process of blanching planken
- The front surface and side faces of planken are fired by the flame of a lamp or burner.
- Firing is carried out so that the flame burns out the soft wood structure to a depth of 1-2 mm.
- Combustion products are removed with a wire brush and an angle grinder with a brush disc.
- The surface of the boards is cleaned with a fine emery cloth.
- Planken is varnished. You can add dye to the varnish.
- To preserve the natural color and highlight the relief of the wood, the surface is rubbed with wax or oil.
The walls, covered with blanched planken, add sophistication to the interior of the room.
DIY planking
In the equipped home workshop, you can make planken not only for your own needs, but also for sale. This will require the following equipment:
- milling machine;
- surface gage;
- a circular saw;
- related hand tools.
Steps for making planken
- Edged boards dissolve along a circular saw along, getting blanks of the desired width.
- Face cutting of future panels. Docking ends are cut at right angles, and corner joints are performed at an angle of 45 °.
- Depending on the type of edges of the finish, adjust the cutter of the machine.
- Milling plank facets at right angles or with a 45˚ bevel. To cut the side grooves, a special cutter is installed.
- The resulting lumber is passed through a thicknesser.
- Additionally, they clean the front surface and side faces with an emery wheel.
- Homemade planken is subjected to heat treatment, impregnated with antiseptics with flame retardants, stained or varnished.
- For interior decoration, panels can be blanched.
Homemade cladding will cost less than planken purchased at a hardware store.