For cutting decorative elements with clear lines, openwork patterns, wood milling is used on CNC machines.
Design features
The basis of the units is the working console. It is equipped with an automated system (CNC unit) that regulates the movement of the mill head horizontally and vertically. The equipment also performs boring of parts, forms grooves, technological holes. Some models allow engraving. Ultra-precise milling cutter provides better material cutting.
How to use the equipment
Woodcarving on CNC machines begins with programming, compiling an algorithm of tasks that will be assigned to the software. The dimensions of the workpiece, the technical characteristics of the machine: the size of the torch, speed and so on are taken into account. The part is placed on the working surface of the device. After this, the program is entered, a test run of the system is carried out. Then, in automatic or semi-automatic mode, the workpiece is made. The control depends on the type of implement.. If necessary, the program can be adjusted.
The participation of the operator in the process is minimal. It only requires control over the current parameters of the machine, preventing the unit from failing in the event of a malfunction.Wood dust and chips are removed using an air system. This measure eliminates the clogging of nodes, equipment mechanisms.
Types of machines
Important parameters to be guided when choosing a machine: shape, workpiece dimensions. You can choose a unit with a rigid clamp of the workpiece, allowing its movement in planes.
Types:
- Cantilever. The working table moves in two directions: longitudinal, transverse, while the milling unit remains stationary. Samples are rarely used for working with wood: strict requirements are placed on the dimensions of the workpiece. It is convenient to work with steel parts on them.
- Unconsolidated. The cutter is moved using a carriage equipped with longitudinal and transverse guides. The numerical program unit may be arranged vertically and horizontally. Universal samples allow you to change these parameters if necessary.
Numeric blocks are:
- Positional. The cutter is installed on the surface of the workpiece at a given position.
- Contouring. Provide for the movement of the working tool along the necessary path.
- Universal. Combine the functions of other options. Some models allow control over the position of the cutter, the mode of the process.
After changing the numerical block, when updating the software, the characteristics of the CNC machine can be changed. When reinstalling the CNC unit, you need to make sure that it is compatible with the components and assemblies of the equipment, otherwise it will not be possible to ensure the correct implementation of the tasks.
Key Specifications
When choosing a machine, you must pay attention to:
- allowable dimensions of the workpiece;
- number of revolutions of the head;
- cutter speed at idle;
- precision installation of the cutter;
- parameters of the cooling system (if this function is available);
- type, the ability to change the CNC.
Some models may have additional features. So, on engraving machines, engraving a product is possible at a given angle. This is achieved by installing a swivel head.
Motor power, adjustment of the number of revolutions should be regulated by the CNC. This ensures a more accurate implementation of the specified procedures.
Milling cutters
Milling elements can have a different configuration. Most units are equipped with single-start models that allow you to process wood, other soft materials.. They are quite cheap, but due to the design of the cutting element are not very accurate.
More advanced designs may include:
- dual start
- spiral
- in the form of a fish tail,
- cone-shaped (for artistic engraving).
For some equipment, the manufacturing material is separately selected, the form is finalized.
The table shows the characteristics of some models of machines.
Model | Frequency of idling, rpm | power, kWt | Processing area, mm | Weight kg | Price, rub |
MTech F6090 | 24000 | 4,5 | 600x900 | 340 | 353 000 |
SUDA VG-1515 | 18000 | 3 | 1500x1500 | 1000 | 824 000 |
RedWood RW-1515 DSP (3.0) | 24000 | 3 | 1500x1500 | 660 | 630 000 |
ArtMaster 2112 | 18000 | 4,1 | 2050x1150 | 1050 | 462 000 |
TGMK-1325 | 24000 | 3 | 1300× 2500 | 1200 | 602 000 |
The video shows a machine for processing wooden billets, equipped with CNC, an example of work on plants of this type.